Improving bandwidth and efficiency of a wideband PIFA pair-based MIMO antenna for 5G smartphones and beyond.

Abstract

Fifth Generation (5G) networks envisage enhanced spectral efficiency and network capacity. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has been identified as a key enabler for 5G smartphones that will greatly improve data rate and ensure seamless connectivity. The development of MIMO antennas into the compact design of modern smartphones has lately drawn research interest. A computer simulation technology (CST) Studio Suite tool, which is an electromagnetic field simulation software, was used to simulate the antenna and get the corresponding radiation patterns. The proposed PIFA antenna is designed with an Inverted-T-shaped open-slot with a patch of 0.2 mm thickness etched on it. The PIFA is developed on a FR4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.3 and thickness of 0.4mm. The proposed antenna is therefore to improve the achieved bandwidth to more than the 78% and better total efficiency of the one achieved (40% -78%) across the desired frequency band. The designed PIFA operates between 3.0 - 7.5 GHz and achieved a maximum efficiency of 99.14% at 5.0 GHz and a bandwidth of 3.75 GHz. The proposed PIFA MIMO antenna is miniaturized with adequate space left for other components to be incorporated on the board.